{"gene":"TG_258710","gene_symbol":"SAS4","run_date":"2026-09-08T12:58:25","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2016,"finding":"SAS4/CPAP is identified as a conserved UNIMOD component in apicomplexan genomes (Toxoplasma and Plasmodium), alongside SAS6 and BLD10/CEP135, suggesting conservation of basal body assembly machinery in these parasites.","method":"Comparative genomics and review of ultrastructural data","journal":"Cilia","confidence":"Low","confidence_rationale":"Tier 4 / Weak — computational/genomic identification only, no direct functional experiment performed on SAS4 protein in Toxoplasma","pmids":["26855772"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Toxoplasma gondii","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"SAS4/CPAP is encoded in the Toxoplasma gondii genome as a conserved UNIMOD basal body component, but no direct experimental study has yet established its specific molecular mechanism or functional role in Toxoplasma centriole or basal body assembly."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"SAS4/CPAP has been identified only by comparative genomics as a conserved UNIMOD component present in apicomplexan genomes, including Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium, alongside the basal body factors SAS6 and BLD10/CEP135 [PMID:26855772]. This co-conservation places SAS4 among candidate basal body assembly machinery in these parasites [PMID:26855772]. Beyond this genomic identification [PMID:26855772], no direct experimental study has characterized SAS4's molecular activity, localization, or functional role in Toxoplasma centriole or basal body assembly in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2016,"claim":"Whether the canonical centriole/basal body assembly machinery is conserved in apicomplexan parasites was unclear; identifying SAS4/CPAP alongside SAS6 and BLD10/CEP135 in these genomes established that this machinery is retained in Toxoplasma and Plasmodium.","evidence":"Comparative genomics and review of ultrastructural data across apicomplexan genomes","pmids":["26855772"],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["Computational/genomic identification only; no direct functional experiment performed on the SAS4 protein","SAS4 localization to the basal body or centriole in Toxoplasma is not experimentally demonstrated","No molecular activity, interaction partners, or assembly role established"],"attribution":[{"species":"Toxoplasma gondii","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"The specific molecular mechanism and functional role of SAS4/CPAP in Toxoplasma centriole or basal body assembly remains unestablished.","evidence":"No direct experimental characterization present in the corpus","pmids":[],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["No experimental localization data","No knockout/knockdown phenotype","No demonstrated protein interactions or biochemical activity"],"attribution":[{"species":"Toxoplasma gondii","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":[],"partners":["SAS6 (CO-CONSERVED UNIMOD COMPONENT) [#0]","BLD10/CEP135 (CO-CONSERVED UNIMOD COMPONENT) [#0]"],"other_free_text":["SAS4/CPAP identified as a conserved UNIMOD component in apicomplexan genomes (Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium) by comparative genomics, implying conservation of basal body assembly machinery [#0]."]},"strain_conflicts":[]},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"26855772","id":"PMC_26855772","title":"Basal body structure and composition in the apicomplexans Toxoplasma and Plasmodium.","date":"2016","source":"Cilia","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26855772","citation_count":51,"is_preprint":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":3066,"output_tokens":320,"usd":0.006999,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":4898,"output_tokens":1047,"usd":0.025333,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.032332,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01TEPNZ4MCzJ7xtsNwosiDRk","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01FQShM7n1sfCr4pWTDShmki","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2016,\n      \"finding\": \"SAS4/CPAP is identified as a conserved UNIMOD component in apicomplexan genomes (Toxoplasma and Plasmodium), alongside SAS6 and BLD10/CEP135, suggesting conservation of basal body assembly machinery in these parasites.\",\n      \"method\": \"Comparative genomics and review of ultrastructural data\",\n      \"journal\": \"Cilia\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 4 / Weak — computational/genomic identification only, no direct functional experiment performed on SAS4 protein in Toxoplasma\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26855772\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\", \"strain\": \"\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"SAS4/CPAP is encoded in the Toxoplasma gondii genome as a conserved UNIMOD basal body component, but no direct experimental study has yet established its specific molecular mechanism or functional role in Toxoplasma centriole or basal body assembly.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"SAS4/CPAP has been identified only by comparative genomics as a conserved UNIMOD component present in apicomplexan genomes, including Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium, alongside the basal body factors SAS6 and BLD10/CEP135 [#0]. This co-conservation places SAS4 among candidate basal body assembly machinery in these parasites [#0]. Beyond this genomic identification [#0], no direct experimental study has characterized SAS4's molecular activity, localization, or functional role in Toxoplasma centriole or basal body assembly in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2016,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether the canonical centriole/basal body assembly machinery is conserved in apicomplexan parasites was unclear; identifying SAS4/CPAP alongside SAS6 and BLD10/CEP135 in these genomes established that this machinery is retained in Toxoplasma and Plasmodium.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Comparative genomics and review of ultrastructural data across apicomplexan genomes\",\n      \"pmids\": [\n        \"26855772\"\n      ],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Computational/genomic identification only; no direct functional experiment performed on the SAS4 protein\",\n        \"SAS4 localization to the basal body or centriole in Toxoplasma is not experimentally demonstrated\",\n        \"No molecular activity, interaction partners, or assembly role established\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\n          \"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\",\n          \"strain\": \"\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"species\": \"Plasmodium\",\n          \"strain\": \"\"\n        }\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"The specific molecular mechanism and functional role of SAS4/CPAP in Toxoplasma centriole or basal body assembly remains unestablished.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"No direct experimental characterization present in the corpus\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No experimental localization data\",\n        \"No knockout/knockdown phenotype\",\n        \"No demonstrated protein interactions or biochemical activity\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\n          \"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\",\n          \"strain\": \"\"\n        }\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [],\n    \"localization\": [],\n    \"pathway\": [],\n    \"complexes\": [],\n    \"partners\": [\n      \"SAS6 (co-conserved UNIMOD component) [#0]\",\n      \"BLD10/CEP135 (co-conserved UNIMOD component) [#0]\"\n    ],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"SAS4/CPAP identified as a conserved UNIMOD component in apicomplexan genomes (Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium) by comparative genomics, implying conservation of basal body assembly machinery [#0].\"\n    ]\n  },\n  \"strain_conflicts\": []\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"ME49","gene_id":"TGME49_258710","name":"SAS4","product":"spindle assembly abnormal protein 4, putative","uniprot_acc":"S8GC27","chromosome":"TGME49_chrVIIb","start_pos":3228750},{"strain":"GT1","gene_id":"TGGT1_258710","name":null,"product":"T-complex protein 10 domain-containing protein","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":"TGGT1_chrVIIb","start_pos":3194888},{"strain":"RH88","gene_id":"TGRH88_071340","name":null,"product":"T-complex protein 10 protein","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":"CM023089","start_pos":3254828},{"strain":"VEG","gene_id":"TGVEG_258710","name":null,"product":"T-complex protein 10 C-terminus protein","uniprot_acc":"A0A0F7V330","chromosome":"TGVEG_chrVIIb","start_pos":3247422}]}