{"gene":"TG_255245","gene_symbol":"TOM22","run_date":"2026-09-08T12:58:25","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2016,"finding":"TgTom22, a T. gondii homologue of Tom22, is a central component of the translocon of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex and is essential for parasite survival, mitochondrial protein import, and assembly of the TOM complex.","method":"Loss-of-function genetic analysis with phenotypic readouts (parasite survival, mitochondrial protein import assay, TOM complex assembly assessment)","journal":"The Journal of biological chemistry","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — loss-of-function with multiple defined cellular phenotypes (viability, protein import, complex assembly) in a single study, single lab","pmids":["27458014"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Toxoplasma gondii","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"TgTom22 is an essential component of the outer mitochondrial membrane TOM translocon complex in Toxoplasma gondii, required for mitochondrial protein import and TOM complex assembly, and its loss is lethal to the parasite."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"TgTom22 is a Toxoplasma gondii homologue of Tom22 that serves as a central component of the translocon of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex [PMID:27458014]. Loss-of-function analysis establishes that it is essential for parasite survival, required for mitochondrial protein import, and necessary for assembly of the TOM complex [PMID:27458014]. Beyond [PMID:27458014], no further mechanistic detail — including its receptor topology, direct precursor-binding partners, or biochemical interactions within the TOM complex — has been characterized in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2016,"claim":"Whether Toxoplasma possesses a functional Tom22-like TOM component and whether it is dispensable was unknown; loss-of-function analysis showed TgTom22 is essential and required for both mitochondrial protein import and TOM complex assembly, establishing it as a core, non-redundant component of the parasite import machinery.","evidence":"Loss-of-function genetic analysis with parasite survival, mitochondrial protein import, and TOM complex assembly readouts in T. gondii","pmids":["27458014"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No structural or topological model of TgTom22 within the TOM complex","Direct precursor- or receptor-binding partners not identified","Single study from a single lab without reciprocal biochemical validation"],"attribution":[{"species":"Toxoplasma gondii","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"How TgTom22 recognizes and hands off imported precursors, its interactions with other TOM subunits, and its molecular architecture remain undefined.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No identified substrate or precursor-binding activity","No defined interactions with specific TOM subunits","No structural characterization"],"attribution":[{"species":"Toxoplasma gondii","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["TOM complex (translocon of the outer mitochondrial membrane)"],"partners":[],"other_free_text":["Essential for T. gondii parasite survival [#0]","Required for mitochondrial protein import [#0]","Required for TOM complex assembly [#0]"]},"strain_conflicts":[]},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"27458014","id":"PMC_27458014","title":"The Import of Proteins into the Mitochondrion of Toxoplasma gondii.","date":"2016","source":"The Journal of biological chemistry","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27458014","citation_count":42,"is_preprint":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":2871,"output_tokens":320,"usd":0.006706,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":4904,"output_tokens":1056,"usd":0.02546,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.032166,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01TEPNZ4MCzJ7xtsNwosiDRk","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01FQShM7n1sfCr4pWTDShmki","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2016,\n      \"finding\": \"TgTom22, a T. gondii homologue of Tom22, is a central component of the translocon of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex and is essential for parasite survival, mitochondrial protein import, and assembly of the TOM complex.\",\n      \"method\": \"Loss-of-function genetic analysis with phenotypic readouts (parasite survival, mitochondrial protein import assay, TOM complex assembly assessment)\",\n      \"journal\": \"The Journal of biological chemistry\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — loss-of-function with multiple defined cellular phenotypes (viability, protein import, complex assembly) in a single study, single lab\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"27458014\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"TgTom22 is an essential component of the outer mitochondrial membrane TOM translocon complex in Toxoplasma gondii, required for mitochondrial protein import and TOM complex assembly, and its loss is lethal to the parasite.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"TgTom22 is a Toxoplasma gondii homologue of Tom22 that serves as a central component of the translocon of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex [#0]. Loss-of-function analysis establishes that it is essential for parasite survival, required for mitochondrial protein import, and necessary for assembly of the TOM complex [#0]. Beyond [#0], no further mechanistic detail — including its receptor topology, direct precursor-binding partners, or biochemical interactions within the TOM complex — has been characterized in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2016,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether Toxoplasma possesses a functional Tom22-like TOM component and whether it is dispensable was unknown; loss-of-function analysis showed TgTom22 is essential and required for both mitochondrial protein import and TOM complex assembly, establishing it as a core, non-redundant component of the parasite import machinery.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Loss-of-function genetic analysis with parasite survival, mitochondrial protein import, and TOM complex assembly readouts in T. gondii\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"27458014\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No structural or topological model of TgTom22 within the TOM complex\",\n        \"Direct precursor- or receptor-binding partners not identified\",\n        \"Single study from a single lab without reciprocal biochemical validation\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"How TgTom22 recognizes and hands off imported precursors, its interactions with other TOM subunits, and its molecular architecture remain undefined.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No identified substrate or precursor-binding activity\",\n        \"No defined interactions with specific TOM subunits\",\n        \"No structural characterization\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005741\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0], \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\", \"strain\": \"\"}]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0030150\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0], \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Toxoplasma gondii\", \"strain\": \"\"}]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\"TOM complex (translocon of the outer mitochondrial membrane)\"],\n    \"partners\": [],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"Essential for T. gondii parasite survival [#0]\",\n      \"Required for mitochondrial protein import [#0]\",\n      \"Required for TOM complex assembly [#0]\"\n    ]\n  },\n  \"strain_conflicts\": []\n}\n```","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"ME49","gene_id":"TGME49_255245","name":"TOM22","product":"mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM22","uniprot_acc":"A0A125YZK5","chromosome":"TGME49_chrVIIb","start_pos":4965020},{"strain":"GT1","gene_id":"TGGT1_255245","name":null,"product":"hypothetical protein","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":"TGGT1_chrVIIb","start_pos":4873465},{"strain":"RH88","gene_id":"TGRH88_073700","name":null,"product":"unspecified product","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":"CM023089","start_pos":4999309},{"strain":"VEG","gene_id":"TGVEG_255245","name":null,"product":"putative transmembrane protein","uniprot_acc":"A0A125YZK7","chromosome":"TGVEG_chrVIIb","start_pos":4986608}]}